Preeclampsia can also lead to reduced birth weight in the fetus and cause premature birth. Gestational hypertension is high blood pressure without protein in the urine or other organ damage during pregnancy.
A percentage of women 10 to 25 percent with gestational hypertension can progress to having preeclampsia. Other risks are older age, placental abnormalities in previous pregnancies, and family history of preeclampsia.
It is safe for mother and baby but should be prescribed by a maternal-fetal medicine physician for those at high risk of developing preeclampsia. For certain women increased calcium may reduce risk.
For overweight or obese women, pre-pregnancy weight loss can lower risk as well. Having preeclampsia or gestational hypertension doubles the risk of developing coronary heart disease and stroke in the future. Early Human Development. August P, et al. Preeclampsia: Clinical features and diagnosis. Accessed March 17, Karumanchi SA, et al. Preeclampsia: Pathogenesis. Accessed Dec. Hofmeyr R, et al. Preeclampsia in Obstetric and anaesthesia management.
Best Practice and Research Clinical Anaesthesiology. In press. Norwitz ER, et al. Early pregnancy prediction of preeclampsia. Meher S, et al. Bed rest with or without hospitalisation for hypertension during pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Accessed Jan. Norwitz ER. Preeclampsia: Management and prognosis.
Preeclampsia: Prevention. De Regil LM, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Wei SQ. Vitamin D and pregnancy outcomes.
Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Butler Tobah YS expert opinion. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. LeFevre ML, et al. Low-dose aspirin use for the prevention of morbidity and mortality from preeclampsia: U. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement.
Annals of Internal Medicine; Practice advisory on low-dose aspirin and prevention of preeclampsia: Updated recommendation.
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. You usually don't have any other symptoms. In many cases, it does not harm you or your baby, and it goes away within 12 weeks after childbirth. But it does raise your risk of high blood pressure in the future. It sometimes can be severe, which may lead to low birth weight or preterm birth. Some women with gestational hypertension do go on to develop preeclampsia. Chronic hypertension is high blood pressure that started before the 20th week of pregnancy or before you became pregnant.
Some women may have had it long before becoming pregnant but didn't know it until they got their blood pressure checked at their prenatal visit.
Sometimes chronic hypertension can also lead to preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a sudden increase in blood pressure after the 20th week of pregnancy.
It usually happens in the last trimester. In rare cases, symptoms may not start until after delivery. This is called postpartum preeclampsia. Preeclampsia also includes signs of damage to some of your organs, such as your liver or kidney. The signs may include protein in the urine and very high blood pressure.
Preeclampsia can be serious or even life-threatening for both you and your baby. What causes preeclampsia? The cause of preeclampsia is unknown. Who is at risk for preeclampsia? You are at higher risk of preeclampsia if you Had chronic high blood pressure or chronic kidney disease before pregnancy Had high blood pressure or preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy Have obesity Are over age 40 Are pregnant with more than one baby Are African American Have a family history of preeclampsia Have certain health conditions, such as diabetes , lupus , or thrombophilia a disorder which raises your risk of blood clots Used in vitro fertilization, egg donation, or donor insemination What problems can preeclampsia cause?
Preeclampsia can cause Placental abruption, where the placenta separates from the uterus Poor fetal growth, caused by a lack of nutrients and oxygen Preterm birth A low birth weight baby Stillbirth Damage to your kidneys, liver, brain, and other organ and blood systems A higher risk of heart disease for you Eclampsia, which happens when preeclampsia is severe enough to affect brain function, causing seizures or coma HELLP syndrome, which happens when a woman with preeclampsia or eclampsia has damage to the liver and blood cells.
It is rare, but very serious.
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